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Evènements de Sakiet Sidi Youcef: un champ d’investigation rapprochant les deux peuples - Algerie360
SOUK AHRAS- Pan d’une mémoire collective entre les deux peuples algérien et tunisien, et témoins de la lutte des peuples maghrébins contre le colonialisme, les événements sanglants de Sakiet Sidi Youcef dont le 61ème anniversaire sera célébré vendredi prochain, demeurent un « champ d’investigation ouvert » à même de rapprocher davantage les deux peuples.
Pour Dr Djamel Ouarti, enseignant d’histoire à l’université Mohamed-Chérif Messaadia de Souk Ahras, les événements de Sakiet Sidi Youcef « n’ont pas suffisamment été étudiés ».
Pour lui, les quelques études et recherches universitaires consacrées à ces événements sont basées sur des informations rapportées par la presse d’alors ou dans le cadre des articles abordant ces événements en tant qu’un « détail » de la Guerre de libération nationale.
Ainsi, cet épisode a été évoqué par le défunt Dr Yahia Bouaziz, dans le second tome de son ouvrage « la révolution d’Algérie aux 19ème et 20ème siècles » et par Abdalah Megalati dans sa thèse de magister sur « le rôle des pays du Maghreb arabe dans le soutien de la révolution de libération algérienne », souligne l’universitaire.
Dr Ouarti affirme également qu’en dépit des efforts des deux ministères des Moudjahidine et de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique, les chercheurs sur la révolution libératrice trouvent des difficultés d’accès aux diverses archives exigeant des déplacements personnels vers les lieux de leur conservation à l’étranger, à l’instar de la France, la Tunisie, le Maroc, l’Egypte et de la Syrie.
Il a également rappelé que le défunt Achour Bouchama qui enseignait l’histoire à l’université des sciences islamiques, Emir Abdelkader de Constantine, a entamé, de son côté, en 1997 une thèse de doctorat sur « la révolution algérienne à travers les deux quotidiens La dépêche de Constantine et Le réveil de Sétif », où les événements de Sakiet Sidi Youcef constituaient un chapitre de l’histoire, mais il est mort en 2018 avant de la terminer.
Dr Ouarti a appelé, à ce titre, les universitaires à consacrer des mémoires et des thèses à ces évènements en consultant des archives, des journaux (El Moudjahid, la Dépêche de Constantine) et des témoignages en plus des écrits.
« L’agression sur Sakiet Sidi Youcef traduisait la situation confuse de la IVème République et la suprématie de l’idée de l’Algérie française consacrée par la décision de la France prise le 1er septembre 1956 de poursuivre les unités de l’Armée de libération nationale (ALN) même en territoire tunisien », a ajouté le même spécialiste qui a relevé qu’entre juillet 1957 et janvier 1958, l’ALN a mené 84 opérations sur la frontière algéro-tunisienne.
Dr Ouarti a rappelé aussi qu’une série de frappes avait déjà touché Sakiet Sidi Youcef le 1 et 2 octobre 1957 et qu’à la mi-janvier 1958, des djounoud de l’ALN avaient tué, dans une embuscade à une patrouille de l’armée française, 15 soldats et en emprisonnaient 4 autres. Le 30 janvier 1958, la
défense anti-avion de l’ALN tire sur un avion français et le 7 février 1958, des unités de l’ALN ripostent à un autre avion français.
Le 8 février 1958 qui est, ajoute Dr Ouarti, un jour de marché hebdomadaire du paisible village de Sakiet Sidi Youcef et précisément à 9h00, un avion français touché est contraint à atterrir en catastrophe à Tébessa et à 10h00 du même jour, l’état-major des forces armées françaises donna l’ordre de frapper le village de Sakiet Sidi Youcef.
Vingt six (26) chasseurs-bombardiers Corsair lancent le bombardement meurtrier contre le village tuant 79 personnes dont 20 enfants et 11 femmes, blessant 130 autres et rasant des infrastructures, rappelle l’universitaire.
Le bombardement avait détruit quatre camions de la Croix-Rouge suisse et du Croissant-Rouge tunisien chargés de vêtements qui allaient être distribués, assurent plusieurs sources historiques.
Le bombardement de Sakiet Sidi Youcef reflète le désespoir de la France
Le bombardement de Sakiet Sidi Youcef a provoqué sur le plan international un revirement en faveur de la cause algérienne, a indiqué l’universitaire.
« Le commandement de la Révolution a exprimé sa solidarité totale avec le peuple tunisien et placé les unités de l’ALN à la disposition du gouvernement tunisien dans le face-à-face contre l’ennemi Les Etats-Unis avaient qualifié le bombardement d’ »acte fou » note Dr Ouarti, qui souligne que l’événement, contre les attentes françaises, « a dopé le moral des révolutionnaires algériens ».
Il a ajoute que l’Union soviétique avait expliqué l’attaque par « le désespoir de la France devant son incapacité à brider le peuple révolté ».
« L’emplacement de Sakiet Sidi Youcef était stratégique en tant que zone frontalière pour l’activité de l’ALN, centre de transit des armes et munitions et lieu de regroupement des réfugiés », ont relevé Amel Djeddi et Khaoula Bouziane, dans leur mémoire de master présentée en 2016 à l’université de Tébessa et intitulée « l’agression française sur Sakiet Sidi Youcef et son impact sur la position tunisienne envers la révolution ».
Approchées par l’APS, les deux chercheuses ont souligné que parmi les plus importants ouvrages de référence à leur travail figurent le livre « Les tunisiens et la révolution algérienne » du chercheur tunisien Habib Hassan Ellaouleb et l’étude « Les rapports algéro-maghrébins et africains durant la Révolution algérienne » d’Abdallah Megalati.
Pour ces deux universitaires, ces mémoires abordent les évènements étudiés selon des angles multiples malgré le fait de refléter parfois « des points de vue personnels ou des orientations politiques et idéologiques ».