');mask-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;utf8, ');mask-mode:alpha;-webkit-mask-position:center;mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain}}.wp-block-image :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image figure{margin:0}.wp-lightbox-container{display:flex;flex-direction:column;position:relative}.wp-lightbox-container img{cursor:zoom-in}.wp-lightbox-container img:hover+button{opacity:1}.wp-lightbox-container button{align-items:center;-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(16px) saturate(180%);backdrop-filter:blur(16px) saturate(180%);background-color:#5a5a5a40;border:none;border-radius:4px;cursor:zoom-in;display:flex;height:20px;justify-content:center;opacity:0;padding:0;position:absolute;right:16px;text-align:center;top:16px;transition:opacity .2s ease;width:20px;z-index:100}.wp-lightbox-container button:focus-visible{outline:3px auto #5a5a5a40;outline:3px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;outline-offset:3px}.wp-lightbox-container button:hover{cursor:pointer;opacity:1}.wp-lightbox-container button:focus{opacity:1}.wp-lightbox-container button:focus,.wp-lightbox-container button:hover,.wp-lightbox-container button:not(:hover):not(:active):not(.has-background){background-color:#5a5a5a40;border:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay{box-sizing:border-box;cursor:zoom-out;height:100vh;left:0;overflow:hidden;position:fixed;top:0;visibility:hidden;width:100%;z-index:100000}.wp-lightbox-overlay .close-button{align-items:center;cursor:pointer;display:flex;justify-content:center;min-height:40px;min-width:40px;padding:0;position:absolute;right:calc(env(safe-area-inset-right) + 16px);top:calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 16px);z-index:5000000}.wp-lightbox-overlay .close-button:focus,.wp-lightbox-overlay .close-button:hover,.wp-lightbox-overlay .close-button:not(:hover):not(:active):not(.has-background){background:none;border:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay .lightbox-image-container{height:var(--wp--lightbox-container-height);left:50%;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform-origin:top left;width:var(--wp--lightbox-container-width);z-index:9999999999}.wp-lightbox-overlay .wp-block-image{align-items:center;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;height:100%;justify-content:center;margin:0;position:relative;transform-origin:0 0;width:100%;z-index:3000000}.wp-lightbox-overlay .wp-block-image img{height:var(--wp--lightbox-image-height);min-height:var(--wp--lightbox-image-height);min-width:var(--wp--lightbox-image-width);width:var(--wp--lightbox-image-width)}.wp-lightbox-overlay .wp-block-image figcaption{display:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay button{background:none;border:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay .scrim{background-color:#fff;height:100%;opacity:.9;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:2000000}.wp-lightbox-overlay.active{animation:turn-on-visibility .25s both;visibility:visible}.wp-lightbox-overlay.active img{animation:turn-on-visibility .35s both}.wp-lightbox-overlay.show-closing-animation:not(.active){animation:turn-off-visibility .35s both}.wp-lightbox-overlay.show-closing-animation:not(.active) img{animation:turn-off-visibility .25s both}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.active{animation:none;opacity:1;visibility:visible}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.active .lightbox-image-container{animation:lightbox-zoom-in .4s}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.active .lightbox-image-container img{animation:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.active .scrim{animation:turn-on-visibility .4s forwards}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.show-closing-animation:not(.active){animation:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.show-closing-animation:not(.active) .lightbox-image-container{animation:lightbox-zoom-out .4s}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.show-closing-animation:not(.active) .lightbox-image-container img{animation:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.show-closing-animation:not(.active) .scrim{animation:turn-off-visibility .4s forwards}}@keyframes turn-on-visibility{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes turn-off-visibility{0%{opacity:1;visibility:visible}99%{opacity:0;visibility:visible}to{opacity:0;visibility:hidden}}@keyframes lightbox-zoom-in{0%{transform:translate(calc((-100vw + var(--wp--lightbox-scrollbar-width))/2 + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-left-position)),calc(-50vh + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-top-position))) scale(var(--wp--lightbox-scale))}to{transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1)}}@keyframes lightbox-zoom-out{0%{transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1);visibility:visible}99%{visibility:visible}to{transform:translate(calc((-100vw + var(--wp--lightbox-scrollbar-width))/2 + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-left-position)),calc(-50vh + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-top-position))) scale(var(--wp--lightbox-scale));visibility:hidden}}ol.wp-block-latest-comments{box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:0}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment)){line-height:1.1}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p)){line-height:1.8}.has-dates :where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height])),.has-excerpts :where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height])){line-height:1.5}.wp-block-latest-comments .wp-block-latest-comments{padding-left:0}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment{list-style:none;margin-bottom:1em}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment{list-style:none;min-height:2.25em}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt,.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-meta{margin-left:3.25em}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p{font-size:.875em;margin:.36em 0 1.4em}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-date{display:block;font-size:.75em}.wp-block-latest-comments .avatar,.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-avatar{border-radius:1.5em;display:block;float:left;height:2.5em;margin-right:.75em;width:2.5em}.wp-block-latest-comments[class*=-font-size] a,.wp-block-latest-comments[style*=font-size] a{font-size:inherit}.wp-block-latest-posts{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignleft{margin-right:2em}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignright{margin-left:2em}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list{list-style:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list li{clear:both}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid li{margin:0 1.25em 1.25em 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li{width:calc(50% - .625em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li:nth-child(2n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li{width:calc(33.33333% - .83333em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li:nth-child(3n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - .9375em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li:nth-child(4n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li:nth-child(5n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1.04167em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li:nth-child(6n){margin-right:0}}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-author,.wp-block-latest-posts__post-date{display:block;font-size:.8125em}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-excerpt{margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:.5em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image img{height:auto;max-width:100%;width:auto}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignleft{float:left;margin-right:1em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignright{float:right;margin-left:1em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.aligncenter{margin-bottom:1em;text-align:center}ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}ol.has-background,ul.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-media-text{box-sizing:border-box;direction:ltr;display:grid;grid-template-columns:50% 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right{grid-template-columns:1fr 50%}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:start}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__media,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:center}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:end}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:1;grid-row:1;margin:0}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content{direction:ltr;grid-column:2;grid-row:1;padding:0 8%;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:2;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text__media img,.wp-block-media-text__media video{height:auto;max-width:unset;vertical-align:middle;width:100%}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media{background-size:cover;height:100%;min-height:250px}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media>a{display:block;height:100%}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media img{height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0}@media (max-width:600px){.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile{grid-template-columns:100%!important}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile .wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile .wp-block-media-text__content{grid-column:1;grid-row:2}}.wp-block-navigation{position:relative;--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-start;--navigation-layout-direction:row;--navigation-layout-wrap:wrap;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-start;--navigation-layout-align:center}.wp-block-navigation ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;padding-left:0}.wp-block-navigation ul,.wp-block-navigation ul li{list-style:none;padding:0}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:empty{display:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:block}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content.wp-block-navigation-item__content{color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:underline}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:line-through}.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a{text-decoration:none}.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a:active,.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a:focus{text-decoration:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{align-self:center;background-color:inherit;border:none;color:currentColor;display:inline-block;font-size:inherit;height:.6em;line-height:0;margin-left:.25em;padding:0;width:.6em}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{display:inline-block;stroke:currentColor;height:inherit;margin-top:.075em;width:inherit}.wp-block-navigation.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-direction:column;--navigation-layout-justify:initial;--navigation-layout-align:flex-start}.wp-block-navigation.no-wrap{--navigation-layout-wrap:nowrap}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-center{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:center;--navigation-layout-justify:center}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-center.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-align:center}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-end;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-align:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:space-between;--navigation-layout-justify:space-between}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{align-items:normal;background-color:inherit;color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:0;left:-1px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:100%;transition:opacity .1s linear;visibility:hidden;width:0;z-index:2}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:flex;flex-grow:1}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-left:auto;margin-right:0}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item__content{margin:0}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:-1px}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:before{background:#0000;content:"";display:block;height:100%;position:absolute;right:100%;width:.5em}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-right:.25em}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle[aria-expanded=true]~.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):hover>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):not(.open-on-hover-click):focus-within>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0;top:100%}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:0}}.wp-block-navigation-submenu{display:flex;position:relative}.wp-block-navigation-submenu .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{stroke:currentColor}button.wp-block-navigation-item__content{background-color:initial;border:none;color:currentColor;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-align:left;text-transform:inherit}.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{cursor:pointer}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{padding-left:0;padding-right:.85em}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle+.wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-left:-.6em;pointer-events:none}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click button.wp-block-navigation-item__content:not(.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle){padding:0}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list,.wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{gap:inherit}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu button.wp-block-navigation-item__content),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-pages-list__item button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:0}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:-1px;right:-1px}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:100%}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #00000026}.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-text-color) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{color:#000}.wp-block-navigation__container{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0}.wp-block-navigation__container .is-responsive{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__container:only-child,.wp-block-page-list:only-child{flex-grow:1}@keyframes overlay-menu__fade-in-animation{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(.5em)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container{bottom:0;display:none;left:0;position:fixed;right:0;top:0}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container :where(.wp-block-navigation-item a){color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.is-menu-open.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit!important;color:inherit!important}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{animation:overlay-menu__fade-in-animation .1s ease-out;animation-fill-mode:forwards;background-color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;overflow:auto;padding:clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-top),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-right),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-bottom),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-left),20em);z-index:100000}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{animation-delay:0s;animation-duration:1ms}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,inherit);display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow:visible;padding-top:calc(2rem + 24px)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{justify-content:flex-start}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{border:none;height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:initial;padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem;position:static;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{gap:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{padding-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap,2em)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item__content{padding:0}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:column}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-page-list{background:#0000!important;color:inherit!important}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:auto}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit;display:block;position:relative;width:100%;z-index:auto}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{background-color:#fff}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-text-color) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{color:#000}.wp-block-navigation__toggle_button_label{font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{background:#0000;border:none;color:currentColor;cursor:pointer;margin:0;padding:0;text-transform:inherit;vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close svg,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open svg{fill:currentColor;display:block;height:24px;pointer-events:none;width:24px}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{display:flex}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open:not(.always-shown){display:none}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:2}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close{width:100%}.has-modal-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-close{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:var(--wp--style--global--wide-size,100%)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close:focus{outline:none}.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{position:relative}.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:46px}@media (min-width:782px){.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:32px}}html.has-modal-open{overflow:hidden}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__label{overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__description{display:none}.link-ui-tools{border-top:1px solid #f0f0f0;padding:8px}.link-ui-block-inserter{padding-top:8px}.link-ui-block-inserter__back{margin-left:8px;text-transform:uppercase}.components-popover-pointer-events-trap{background-color:initial;cursor:pointer;inset:0;position:fixed;z-index:1000000}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);background-color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial)}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{background-color:inherit}.is-small-text{font-size:.875em}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter {float:left;font-size:8.4em;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;line-height:.68;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase}body.rtl .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter {float:none;margin-left:.1em}p.has-drop-cap.has-background{overflow:hidden}p.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}p.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode:vertical-lr"],p.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode:vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg}.wp-block-post-author{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.wp-block-post-author__byline{font-size:.5em;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;width:100%}.wp-block-post-author__avatar{margin-right:1em}.wp-block-post-author__bio{font-size:.7em;margin-bottom:.7em}.wp-block-post-author__content{flex-basis:0;flex-grow:1}.wp-block-post-author__name{margin:0}.wp-block-post-comments-form{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-weight] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-weight:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-family] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-family:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[class*=-font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title),.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-size:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=line-height] :where(.comment-reply-title){line-height:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-style] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-style:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=letter-spacing] :where(.comment-reply-title){letter-spacing:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form input[type=submit]{box-shadow:none;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;overflow-wrap:break-word;text-align:center}.wp-block-post-comments-form input:not([type=submit]),.wp-block-post-comments-form textarea{border:1px solid #949494;font-family:inherit;font-size:1em}.wp-block-post-comments-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]),.wp-block-post-comments-form textarea{padding:calc(.667em + 2px)}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]):not([type=hidden]),.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form textarea{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:100%}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-author label,.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-email label,.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-url label{display:block;margin-bottom:.25em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-cookies-consent{display:flex;gap:.25em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-cookies-consent #wp-comment-cookies-consent{margin-top:.35em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title :where(small){font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium,smaller);margin-left:.5em}.wp-block-post-date{box-sizing:border-box}:where(.wp-block-post-excerpt){margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}.wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}.wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}.wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link{display:inline-block}.wp-block-post-featured-image{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.wp-block-post-featured-image a{display:block;height:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image img{box-sizing:border-box;height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom;width:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignfull img,.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignwide img{width:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim{background-color:#000;inset:0;position:absolute}.wp-block-post-featured-image{position:relative}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-gradient{background-color:initial}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-0{opacity:0}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-10{opacity:.1}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-20{opacity:.2}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-30{opacity:.3}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-40{opacity:.4}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-50{opacity:.5}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-60{opacity:.6}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-70{opacity:.7}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-80{opacity:.8}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-90{opacity:.9}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-100{opacity:1}.wp-block-post-featured-image:where(.alignleft,.alignright){width:100%}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous{display:inline-block;margin-right:1ch}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next{display:inline-block;margin-left:1ch}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-post-navigation-link.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode: vertical-lr"],.wp-block-post-navigation-link.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode: vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg}.wp-block-post-terms{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-terms .wp-block-post-terms__separator{white-space:pre-wrap}.wp-block-post-time-to-read,.wp-block-post-title{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-title{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-post-title a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-preformatted{box-sizing:border-box;white-space:pre-wrap}:where(.wp-block-preformatted.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-pullquote{box-sizing:border-box;overflow-wrap:break-word;padding:4em 0;text-align:center}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote,.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote p{color:inherit}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote{margin:0}.wp-block-pullquote p{margin-top:0}.wp-block-pullquote p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-pullquote.alignleft,.wp-block-pullquote.alignright{max-width:420px}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer{position:relative}.wp-block-pullquote .has-text-color a{color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-pullquote){margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote.has-text-align-left blockquote{text-align:left}.wp-block-pullquote.has-text-align-right blockquote{text-align:right}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color{border:none}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:60%}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote p{font-size:2em;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote cite{font-style:normal;text-transform:none}.wp-block-pullquote cite{color:inherit}.wp-block-post-template{list-style:none;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;max-width:100%;padding:0}.wp-block-post-template.wp-block-post-template{background:none}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1.25em}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container>li{margin:0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-2>li{width:calc(50% - .625em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-3>li{width:calc(33.33333% - .83333em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-4>li{width:calc(25% - .9375em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-5>li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-6>li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1.04167em)}}@media (max-width:600px){.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-constrained>li>.alignright,.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow>li>.alignright{float:right;margin-inline-end:0;margin-inline-start:2em}.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-constrained>li>.alignleft,.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow>li>.alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-end:2em;margin-inline-start:0}.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-constrained>li>.aligncenter,.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow>li>.aligncenter{margin-inline-end:auto;margin-inline-start:auto}.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-next,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-numbers,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous{margin-bottom:.5em;margin-right:.5em}.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-next:last-child,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-numbers:last-child,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous:last-child{margin-right:0}.wp-block-query-pagination.is-content-justification-space-between>.wp-block-query-pagination-next:last-of-type{margin-inline-start:auto}.wp-block-query-pagination.is-content-justification-space-between>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous:first-child{margin-inline-end:auto}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow{display:inline-block;margin-right:1ch}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow{display:inline-block;margin-left:1ch}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-query-pagination.aligncenter{justify-content:center}.wp-block-query-title,.wp-block-quote{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-quote{overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)),.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)){margin-bottom:1em;padding:0 1em}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p{font-size:1.5em;font-style:italic;line-height:1.6}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer{font-size:1.125em;text-align:right}.wp-block-quote>cite{display:block}.wp-block-read-more{display:block;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.wp-block-read-more:where(:not([style*=text-decoration])){text-decoration:none}.wp-block-read-more:where(:not([style*=text-decoration])):active,.wp-block-read-more:where(:not([style*=text-decoration])):focus{text-decoration:none}ul.wp-block-rss{list-style:none;padding:0}ul.wp-block-rss.wp-block-rss{box-sizing:border-box}ul.wp-block-rss.alignleft{margin-right:2em}ul.wp-block-rss.alignright{margin-left:2em}ul.wp-block-rss.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;list-style:none;padding:0}ul.wp-block-rss.is-grid li{margin:0 1em 1em 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){ul.wp-block-rss.columns-2 li{width:calc(50% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-3 li{width:calc(33.33333% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-5 li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-6 li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1em)}}.wp-block-rss__item-author,.wp-block-rss__item-publish-date{display:block;font-size:.8125em}.wp-block-search__button{margin-left:10px;word-break:normal}.wp-block-search__button.has-icon{line-height:0}.wp-block-search__button svg{height:1.25em;min-height:24px;min-width:24px;width:1.25em;fill:currentColor;vertical-align:text-bottom}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:6px 10px}.wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{display:flex;flex:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;max-width:100%}.wp-block-search__label{width:100%}.wp-block-search__input{-webkit-appearance:initial;appearance:none;border:1px solid #949494;flex-grow:1;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;min-width:3rem;padding:8px;text-decoration:unset!important}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button{flex-shrink:0;margin-left:0;max-width:100%}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button[aria-expanded=true]{max-width:calc(100% - 100px)}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{min-width:0!important;transition-property:width}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__input{flex-basis:100%;transition-duration:.3s}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden,.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{overflow:hidden}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden .wp-block-search__input{border-left-width:0!important;border-right-width:0!important;flex-basis:0;flex-grow:0;margin:0;min-width:0!important;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important;width:0!important}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){border:1px solid #949494;box-sizing:border-box;padding:4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input{border:none;border-radius:0;padding:0 4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:none}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) :where(.wp-block-search__button){padding:4px 8px}.wp-block-search.aligncenter .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{margin:auto}.wp-block[data-align=right] .wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{float:right}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-top:2px solid}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots{background:none!important;border:none;height:auto;line-height:1;text-align:center}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots:before{color:currentColor;content:"···";font-family:serif;font-size:1.5em;letter-spacing:2em;padding-left:2em}.wp-block-site-logo{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:0}.wp-block-site-logo a{display:inline-block;line-height:0}.wp-block-site-logo.is-default-size img{height:auto;width:120px}.wp-block-site-logo img{height:auto;max-width:100%}.wp-block-site-logo a,.wp-block-site-logo img{border-radius:inherit}.wp-block-site-logo.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center}.wp-block-site-logo.is-style-rounded{border-radius:9999px}.wp-block-site-title a{color:inherit}.wp-block-social-links{background:none;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:0;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;text-indent:0}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a,.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a:hover{border-bottom:0;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a{padding:.25em}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link svg{height:1em;width:1em}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link span:not(.screen-reader-text){font-size:.65em;margin-left:.5em;margin-right:.5em}.wp-block-social-links.has-small-icon-size{font-size:16px}.wp-block-social-links,.wp-block-social-links.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:24px}.wp-block-social-links.has-large-icon-size{font-size:36px}.wp-block-social-links.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:48px}.wp-block-social-links.aligncenter{display:flex;justify-content:center}.wp-block-social-links.alignright{justify-content:flex-end}.wp-block-social-link{border-radius:9999px;display:block;height:auto;transition:transform .1s ease}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-social-link{transition-delay:0s;transition-duration:0s}}.wp-block-social-link a{align-items:center;display:flex;line-height:0;transition:transform .1s ease}.wp-block-social-link:hover{transform:scale(1.1)}.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link{display:inline-block;margin:0;padding:0}.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor svg,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:active,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:hover,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link.wp-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:visited{color:currentColor;fill:currentColor}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-amazon{background-color:#f90;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{background-color:#1ea0c3;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-behance{background-color:#0757fe;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-codepen{background-color:#1e1f26;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-deviantart{background-color:#02e49b;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dribbble{background-color:#e94c89;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dropbox{background-color:#4280ff;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-etsy{background-color:#f45800;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#1778f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-flickr{background-color:#0461dd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-foursquare{background-color:#e65678;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-github{background-color:#24292d;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-goodreads{background-color:#eceadd;color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-google{background-color:#ea4434;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-gravatar{background-color:#1d4fc4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-lastfm{background-color:#e21b24;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-linkedin{background-color:#0d66c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-mastodon{background-color:#3288d4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-medium{background-color:#02ab6c;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-meetup{background-color:#f6405f;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-patreon{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pocket{background-color:#ef4155;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-reddit{background-color:#ff4500;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-skype{background-color:#0478d7;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-snapchat{background-color:#fefc00;color:#fff;stroke:#000}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{background-color:#ff5600;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-spotify{background-color:#1bd760;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-telegram{background-color:#2aabee;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-threads,.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tiktok{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tumblr{background-color:#011835;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitch{background-color:#6440a4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitter{background-color:#1da1f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vimeo{background-color:#1eb7ea;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vk{background-color:#4680c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-wordpress{background-color:#3499cd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{background-color:#25d366;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-x{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-youtube{background-color:red;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link{background:none}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link a{padding:0}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link svg{height:1.25em;width:1.25em}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-amazon{color:#f90}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-bandcamp{color:#1ea0c3}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-behance{color:#0757fe}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-codepen{color:#1e1f26}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-deviantart{color:#02e49b}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-dribbble{color:#e94c89}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-dropbox{color:#4280ff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-etsy{color:#f45800}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-facebook{color:#1778f2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-flickr{color:#0461dd}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-foursquare{color:#e65678}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-github{color:#24292d}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-goodreads{color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-google{color:#ea4434}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-gravatar{color:#1d4fc4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-instagram{color:#f00075}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-lastfm{color:#e21b24}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-linkedin{color:#0d66c2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-mastodon{color:#3288d4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-medium{color:#02ab6c}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-meetup{color:#f6405f}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-patreon{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-pinterest{color:#e60122}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-pocket{color:#ef4155}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-reddit{color:#ff4500}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-skype{color:#0478d7}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-snapchat{color:#fff;stroke:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-soundcloud{color:#ff5600}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-spotify{color:#1bd760}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-telegram{color:#2aabee}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-threads,.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-tiktok{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-tumblr{color:#011835}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-twitch{color:#6440a4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-twitter{color:#1da1f2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-vimeo{color:#1eb7ea}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-vk{color:#4680c2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-whatsapp{color:#25d366}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-wordpress{color:#3499cd}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-x{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-yelp{color:#d32422}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-youtube{color:red}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link{width:auto}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link a{padding-left:.66667em;padding-right:.66667em}.wp-block-social-links:not(.has-icon-color):not(.has-icon-background-color) .wp-social-link-snapchat .wp-block-social-link-label{color:#000}.wp-block-spacer{clear:both}.wp-block-tag-cloud{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-tag-cloud.aligncenter{justify-content:center;text-align:center}.wp-block-tag-cloud.alignfull{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-tag-cloud a{display:inline-block;margin-right:5px}.wp-block-tag-cloud span{display:inline-block;margin-left:5px;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1ch}.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline a{border:1px solid;font-size:unset!important;margin-right:0;padding:1ch 2ch;text-decoration:none!important}.wp-block-table{overflow-x:auto}.wp-block-table table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%}.wp-block-table thead{border-bottom:3px solid}.wp-block-table tfoot{border-top:3px solid}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{border:1px solid;padding:.5em}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout{table-layout:fixed;width:100%}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout td,.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table.aligncenter,.wp-block-table.alignleft,.wp-block-table.alignright{display:table;width:auto}.wp-block-table.aligncenter td,.wp-block-table.aligncenter th,.wp-block-table.alignleft td,.wp-block-table.alignleft th,.wp-block-table.alignright td,.wp-block-table.alignright th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-green-background-color{background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color{background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes{background-color:initial;border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0;border-collapse:inherit;border-spacing:0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f0f0f0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-light-gray-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-green-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes td,.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes th{border-color:#0000}.wp-block-table .has-border-color td,.wp-block-table .has-border-color th,.wp-block-table .has-border-color tr,.wp-block-table .has-border-color>*{border-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>* td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>* th{border-top-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:not(:first-child){border-top-color:initial}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] td:last-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color]>*{border-right-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>* td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>* th{border-bottom-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:not(:last-child){border-bottom-color:initial}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] td:first-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color]>*{border-left-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style]>*{border-style:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width]>*{border-style:inherit;border-width:inherit}:where(.wp-block-term-description){margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}.wp-block-term-description p{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}.wp-block-text-columns,.wp-block-text-columns.aligncenter{display:flex}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column{margin:0 1em;padding:0}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:first-child{margin-left:0}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:last-child{margin-right:0}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-2 .wp-block-column{width:50%}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-3 .wp-block-column{width:33.33333%}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-4 .wp-block-column{width:25%}pre.wp-block-verse{overflow:auto;white-space:pre-wrap}:where(pre.wp-block-verse){font-family:inherit}.wp-block-video{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-video video{vertical-align:middle;width:100%}@supports (position:sticky){.wp-block-video [poster]{object-fit:cover}}.wp-block-video.aligncenter{text-align:center}.wp-block-video figcaption{margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:.5em}.editor-styles-wrapper,.entry-content{counter-reset:footnotes}a[data-fn].fn{counter-increment:footnotes;display:inline-flex;font-size:smaller;text-decoration:none;text-indent:-9999999px;vertical-align:super}a[data-fn].fn:after{content:"[" counter(footnotes) "]";float:left;text-indent:0}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3)}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe)}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec)}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671)}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59)}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf)}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc)}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal)}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge)}.has-text-align-center{text-align:center}.has-text-align-left{text-align:left}.has-text-align-right{text-align:right}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.aligncenter{clear:both}.items-justified-left{justify-content:flex-start}.items-justified-center{justify-content:center}.items-justified-right{justify-content:flex-end}.items-justified-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip:auto!important;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html:where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}.wpp-no-data{}.wpp-list{}.wpp-list li{overflow:hidden;float:none;clear:both;margin-bottom:1rem}.wpp-list li:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.wpp-list li.current{}.wpp-thumbnail{display:inline;float:left;margin:0 1rem 0 0;border:none}.wpp-post-title{}.wpp-excerpt{}.wpp-meta,.post-stats{display:block;font-size:0.8em}.wpp-meta:empty,.post-stats:empty{display:none}.wpp-comments{}.wpp-views{}.wpp-author{}.wpp-date{}.wpp-category{}.wpp-rating{}#smartbanner{position:absolute;left:0;top:-82px;border-bottom:1px solid #e8e8e8;width:100%;height:78px;font-family:'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #f4f4f4 0%,#cdcdcd 100%);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #F4F4F4 0%, #CDCDCD 100%);background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #F4F4F4 0%, #CDCDCD 100%);box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);z-index:9998;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;overflow:hidden;-webkit-text-size-adjust:none}#smartbanner,html.sb-animation{-webkit-transition:all .3s ease}#smartbanner .sb-container{margin:0 auto}#smartbanner .sb-close{position:absolute;left:5px;top:5px;display:block;border:2px solid #fff;width:14px;height:14px;font-family:'ArialRoundedMTBold',Arial;font-size:15px;line-height:15px;text-align:center;color:#fff;background:#070707;text-decoration:none;text-shadow:none;border-radius:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);-webkit-font-smoothing:subpixel-antialiased}#smartbanner .sb-close:active{font-size:13px;color:#aaa}#smartbanner .sb-icon{position:absolute;left:30px;top:10px;display:block;width:57px;height:57px;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.6);background-size:cover;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.3)}#smartbanner.no-icon .sb-icon{display:none}#smartbanner .sb-info{position:absolute;left:98px;top:18px;width:44%;font-size:11px;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold;color:#6a6a6a;text-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.8)}#smartbanner #smartbanner.no-icon .sb-info{left:34px}#smartbanner .sb-info strong{display:block;font-size:13px;color:#4d4d4d;line-height:18px}#smartbanner .sb-info>span{display:block}#smartbanner .sb-info em{font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}#smartbanner .sb-button{position:absolute;right:20px;top:24px;border:1px solid #bfbfbf;padding:0 10px;min-width:10%;height:24px;font-size:14px;line-height:24px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;color:#6a6a6a;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #efefef 0%,#dcdcdc 100%);text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none;text-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.8);border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.6),0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.7) inset}#smartbanner .sb-button:active, #smartbanner .sb-button:hover{background:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #dcdcdc 0%,#efefef 100%)}#smartbanner .sb-icon.gloss:after{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;top:-1px;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.8);width:100%;height:50%;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgba(255,255,255,0.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0.2) 100%);border-radius:10px 10px 12px 12px}#smartbanner.android{border-color:#212228;background:#3d3d3d url('data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhCAAIAIABAFVVVf///yH5BAEHAAEALAAAAAAIAAgAAAINRG4XudroGJBRsYcxKAA7');border-top:5px solid #88B131;box-shadow:none}#smartbanner.android .sb-close{border:0;width:17px;height:17px;line-height:17px;color:#b1b1b3;background:#1c1e21;text-shadow:0 1px 1px #000;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.8) inset,0 1px 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.3)}#smartbanner.android .sb-close:active{color:#eee}#smartbanner.android .sb-info{color:#ccc;text-shadow:0 1px 2px #000}#smartbanner.android .sb-info strong{color:#fff}#smartbanner.android .sb-button{min-width:12%;border:1px solid #DDDCDC;padding:1px;color:#d1d1d1;background:none;border-radius:0;box-shadow:none;min-height:28px}#smartbanner.android .sb-button span{text-align:center;display:block;padding:0 10px;background-color:#42B6C9;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,0 0,0 100%,from(#42B6C9),to(#39A9BB));background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top,#42B6C9,#39A9BB);text-transform:none;text-shadow:none;box-shadow:none}#smartbanner.android .sb-button:active, #smartbanner.android .sb-button:hover{background:none}#smartbanner.android .sb-button:active span, #smartbanner.android .sb-button:hover span{background:#2AC7E1}#smartbanner.windows .sb-icon{border-radius:0px}/*]]>*/
Les oiseaux de Kabylie et "L'invention du désert" de Tahar Djaout - Algerie360
En 2014, la romancière Maylis de Kerangal a connu un très grand succès avec son livre : Réparer les vivants, qu’on résume souvent comme « le roman d’une transplantation cardiaque ». C’est en fait le roman de toutes les personnes impliquées pour des raisons diverses dans cette opération, parmi lesquelles se trouve un personnage du monde médical, Thomas Remige qui a un rapport avec l’Algérie pour une raison inattendue dans ce contexte : il y est venu, une seule fois semble-t-il, dans un but assez singulier, l’acquisition d’un chardonneret qu’il n’a pas hésité à acheter au plus haut prix, pour la qualité de son chant.
Thomas Remige est infirmier en réanimation à l’hôpital du Havre et c’est lui qui est chargé d’organiser quand il y a lieu les prélèvements d’organe. Sans que le roman explique jamais le lien entre cette fonction et son autre caractéristique, qui cette fois est personnelle et non professionnelle, il est aussi quelqu’un qui chante, et pour qui le chant a une importance essentielle. Le chant lui permet de découvrir et d’explorer son propre corps, d’en connaître tous les organes.
Quoi qu’il en soit, c’est cette passion qui le conduit en Algérie où il fait l’acquisition d’un chardonneret « de la vallée de Collo », pour la somme de trois mille euros en cash, précise la romancière. Quelques pages, constituant un chapitre à part, sont consacrées par l’auteure du livre à cet achat. Le vendeur s’appelle Hocine, il fait entendre ses oiseaux à Thomas en alignant tout près de lui leurs cages, une dizaine au moins ; il les a chassés à la glu, de manière traditionnelle, et leur a appris des airs qu’ils sont capables de mémoriser en grande quantité.
Thomas, après les avoir entendus, fait son choix — c’est un oiseau jeune, qu’il pourra lui-même continuer à éduquer. La romancière a profité des intervalles de l’action pour expliquer qui sont les clients habituels de Hocine, des « hommes d’affaire cravatés » qui débarquent chez lui « comme des drogués en manque », et ce que signifie pour eux le chant des chardonnerets, retour à l’enfance, à la nature, à un très petit endroit du monde qu’ils veulent par dessus tout préserver.
Et c’est alors que bien évidemment s’impose le rapprochement avec tout ce qu’a écrit Tahar Djaout sur sa passion des oiseaux, à peu près partout dans son œuvre mais principalement dans « L’Invention du désert », un livre de 1987, écrit lorsqu’il atteint l’âge de trente-trois ans.
De cet adieu à l’enfance, profondément émouvant, on se dit qu’il pourrait aussi bien s’intituler « Les oiseaux de Kabylie » ou « Le livre des oiseaux » tant ceux-ci y sont présents dans leur diversité et si l’on peut dire audibles par la multiplicité de leurs chants et piaillements.
S’il s’agissait d’en fournir une étude approfondie, on pourrait évidemment se livrer à des hypothèses sur ce que signifie cette abondance d’oiseaux, leur symbolique et leur provenance culturellement parlant : faut-il invoquer la tradition incarnée en Islam par le poète (soufi) persan Farid al-Din Attar et son œuvre célèbre de la fin du 12e siècle, La conférence des oiseaux ?
Pourtant il n’y a rien de religieux dans l’œuvre de Tahar Djaout, et si on voulait le situer à cet égard, c’est plutôt au paganisme berbère qu’il faudrait penser. Tahar Djaout étant essentiellement un esprit libre et indépendant, il parle à ses lecteurs de façon personnelle et intime–sans référence extérieure et ne puisant que dans sa mémoire encore proche– de ce que sont pour lui les oiseaux. Parmi les espèces qu’il cite, point de chardonneret, mais en voici quelques-uns dont il est question dans son roman précédent Les chercheurs d’os : « Alouette, fauvette, merle ou rouge-queue » ou bien encore les perdreaux, les mouettes, selon les lieux évoqués, et pour le désert, l’oiseau moula-moula qui est, nous dit-il, un traquet du désert, sachant que le traquet est une variété de petit passereau.
Qu’on n’aille pas imaginer cependant une sorte de rêverie gracieuse, poétique au sens le plus banal et superficiel du mot. La relation de Tahar Djaout aux oiseaux contient tout ce qu’il y a de force, y compris destructrice et mortifère, dans la nature païenne où la mort est aussi présente que la vie et si l’on peut dire au même titre. L’enfant Djaout (ainsi que son groupe de jeunes garçons) a surtout connu les oiseaux morts puisqu’il s’agissait de les chasser pour les manger, ou parfois tout simplement de les ramasser lorsqu’ils étaient gelés par le froid de l’hiver.
Cependant l’une des sensations les plus fortes qu’il évoque, avec la sensibilité littéraire qui est la sienne, est celle qu’il éprouve à sentir battre au creux de sa main le cœur de l’oiseau encore vivant : « J’ai tenu tant d’oiseaux dans mes mains condescendantes ou ravageuses. Plumes chaudes ou frissonnantes où palpite la forge du cœur ». C’est de vraie et profonde poésie qu’il s’agit ici, insérée dans la prose du roman.
Cette palpitation d’un cœur entre la vie et la mort nous ramène au livre de Maylis de Kerangal, Réparer les vivants, car il s’agit exactement de ce que peut éprouver son héros Thomas Rémige lorsqu’il lui faut prélever le cœur d’un mort, la formule exacte étant « en état de mort cérébrale », pour le transposer dans un autre corps qui grâce à lui pourra peut-être revenir ou se maintenir à l’état de vivant.
Cette signification subtile du chant de l’oiseau, susceptible–et peut-être est-il le seul à pouvoir le faire– de transcender à la fois la perception immanente de la vie et celle de la mort, pourrait expliquer la présence émouvante d’un oiseau en cage dans l’une des minuscules échoppes de la Casbah, décrite au milieu du 19e siècle par l’auteur d’Une année dans le Sahel, Eugène Fromentin.
Dans ce lieu où il se rend presque chaque jour depuis sa maison du Sahel, le narrateur pressent ce que signifient la présence et le chant d’un rossignol. Il l’associe au goût du haschich, cet ensemble contribuant à créer un état intermédiaire entre la vie et la mort, pour des gens qui, comme le vieil ami auquel il rend visite, ont perdu le goût de vivre depuis que leur pays est conquis (c’est-à-dire, au moment où Fromentin écrit, depuis une vingtaine d’années).
Pour nous qui savons ce qu’a été la mort inqualifiable de Tahar Djaout en 1993, à l’âge de trente-neuf ans, sa fascination pour les oiseaux n’est pas sans rapport avec le mélange qui était le sien de vivacité et de fragilité. Son œuvre nous fait comprendre qu’il échappait à l’enfoncement dans la pesante matérialité, aspirant à une vie aérienne, qui fut pour lui aussi élégante qu’éphémère.